A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming

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A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. / Rustad, L. E.; Campbell, J. L.; Marion, G. M.; Norby, R. J.; Mitchell, M. J.; Hartley, A. E.; Cornelissen, J. H.C.; Gurevitch, J.; Alward, Richard; Beier, Claus; Burke, Indy; Canadell, Josep; Callaghan, Terry; Christensen, Torben R.; Fahnestock, Jace; Fernandez, Ivan; Harte, John; Hollister, Robert; John, Hom; Ineson, Phil; Johnson, Mark G.; Jonasson, Sven; John, Lee; Linder, Sune; Lukewille, Anna; Masters, Greg; Melillo, Jerry; Mickelsen, Anders; Neill, Chris; Olszyk, David M.; Press, Malcolm; Pregitzer, Kurt; Robinson, Clare; Rygiewiez, Paul T.; Sala, Osvaldo; Schmidt, Inger K.; Shaver, Gus; Thompson, Ken; Tingey, David T.; Verburg, Paul; Wall, Diana; Welker, Jeff; Wright, Richard.

In: Oecologia, Vol. 126, 2001, p. 543-562.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Rustad, LE, Campbell, JL, Marion, GM, Norby, RJ, Mitchell, MJ, Hartley, AE, Cornelissen, JHC, Gurevitch, J, Alward, R, Beier, C, Burke, I, Canadell, J, Callaghan, T, Christensen, TR, Fahnestock, J, Fernandez, I, Harte, J, Hollister, R, John, H, Ineson, P, Johnson, MG, Jonasson, S, John, L, Linder, S, Lukewille, A, Masters, G, Melillo, J, Mickelsen, A, Neill, C, Olszyk, DM, Press, M, Pregitzer, K, Robinson, C, Rygiewiez, PT, Sala, O, Schmidt, IK, Shaver, G, Thompson, K, Tingey, DT, Verburg, P, Wall, D, Welker, J & Wright, R 2001, 'A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming', Oecologia, vol. 126, pp. 543-562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000544

APA

Rustad, L. E., Campbell, J. L., Marion, G. M., Norby, R. J., Mitchell, M. J., Hartley, A. E., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Gurevitch, J., Alward, R., Beier, C., Burke, I., Canadell, J., Callaghan, T., Christensen, T. R., Fahnestock, J., Fernandez, I., Harte, J., Hollister, R., John, H., ... Wright, R. (2001). A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. Oecologia, 126, 543-562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000544

Vancouver

Rustad LE, Campbell JL, Marion GM, Norby RJ, Mitchell MJ, Hartley AE et al. A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. Oecologia. 2001;126:543-562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000544

Author

Rustad, L. E. ; Campbell, J. L. ; Marion, G. M. ; Norby, R. J. ; Mitchell, M. J. ; Hartley, A. E. ; Cornelissen, J. H.C. ; Gurevitch, J. ; Alward, Richard ; Beier, Claus ; Burke, Indy ; Canadell, Josep ; Callaghan, Terry ; Christensen, Torben R. ; Fahnestock, Jace ; Fernandez, Ivan ; Harte, John ; Hollister, Robert ; John, Hom ; Ineson, Phil ; Johnson, Mark G. ; Jonasson, Sven ; John, Lee ; Linder, Sune ; Lukewille, Anna ; Masters, Greg ; Melillo, Jerry ; Mickelsen, Anders ; Neill, Chris ; Olszyk, David M. ; Press, Malcolm ; Pregitzer, Kurt ; Robinson, Clare ; Rygiewiez, Paul T. ; Sala, Osvaldo ; Schmidt, Inger K. ; Shaver, Gus ; Thompson, Ken ; Tingey, David T. ; Verburg, Paul ; Wall, Diana ; Welker, Jeff ; Wright, Richard. / A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. In: Oecologia. 2001 ; Vol. 126. pp. 543-562.

Bibtex

@article{6d5c29ae86294d3e96c51e82931815bb,
title = "A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming",
abstract = "Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions is predicted to raise the mean global temperature by 1.0-3.5°C in the next 50-100 years. The direct and indirect effects of this potential increase in temperature on terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem processes are likely to be complex and highly varied in time and space. The Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme has recently launched a Network of Ecosystem Warming Studies, the goals of which are to integrate and foster research on ecosystem-level effects of rising temperature. In this paper, we use meta-analysis to synthesize data on the response of soil respiration, net N mineralization, and aboveground plant productivity to experimental ecosystem warming at 32 research sites representing four broadly defined biomes, including high (latitude or altitude) tundra, low tundra, grassland, and forest. Warming methods included electrical heat-resistance ground cables, greenhouses, vented and unvented field chambers, overhead infrared lamps, and passive night-time warming. Although results from individual sites showed considerable variation in response to warming, results from the meta-analysis showed that, across all sites and years, 2-9 years of experimental warming in the range 0.3-6.0°C significantly increased soil respiration rates by 20% (with a 95% confidence interval of 18-22%), net N mineralization rates by 46% (with a 95% confidence interval of 30-64%), and plant productivity by 19% (with a 95% confidence interval of 15-23%). The response of soil respiration to warming was generally larger in forested ecosystems compared to low tundra and grassland ecosystems, and the response of plant productivity was generally larger in low tundra ecosystems than in forest and grassland ecosystems. With the exception of aboveground plant productivity, which showed a greater positive response to warming in colder ecosystems, the magnitude of the response of these three processes to experimental warming was not generally significantly related to the geographic, climatic, or environmental variables evaluated in this analysis. This underscores the need to understand the relative importance of specific factors (such as temperature, moisture, site quality, vegetation type, successional status, land-use history, etc.) at different spatial and temporal scales, and suggests that we should be cautious in {"}scaling up{"} responses from the plot and site level to the landscape and biome level. Overall, ecosystem-warming experiments are shown to provide valuable insights on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated temperature.",
keywords = "Global warming, Meta-analysis, Nitrogen mineralization, Plant productivity, Soil respiration",
author = "Rustad, {L. E.} and Campbell, {J. L.} and Marion, {G. M.} and Norby, {R. J.} and Mitchell, {M. J.} and Hartley, {A. E.} and Cornelissen, {J. H.C.} and J. Gurevitch and Richard Alward and Claus Beier and Indy Burke and Josep Canadell and Terry Callaghan and Christensen, {Torben R.} and Jace Fahnestock and Ivan Fernandez and John Harte and Robert Hollister and Hom John and Phil Ineson and Johnson, {Mark G.} and Sven Jonasson and Lee John and Sune Linder and Anna Lukewille and Greg Masters and Jerry Melillo and Anders Mickelsen and Chris Neill and Olszyk, {David M.} and Malcolm Press and Kurt Pregitzer and Clare Robinson and Rygiewiez, {Paul T.} and Osvaldo Sala and Schmidt, {Inger K.} and Gus Shaver and Ken Thompson and Tingey, {David T.} and Paul Verburg and Diana Wall and Jeff Welker and Richard Wright",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements This paper contributes to the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) core project of IGBP and to the activities of the Network of Experimental Warming Studies (GCTE-NEWS). The work was initiated with the support of the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant no. DEB-94–21535), the University of California-Santa Barbara, the California Resources Agency, and the California Environmental Protection Agency. We also want to thank NASA through a grant to GCTE, the National Science Foundation (Grant no. DEB-9730110), and the USDA Forest Service Northern Stations Global Change Research Program for the additional funding they provided. All experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which the experiments were performed.",
year = "2001",
doi = "10.1007/s004420000544",
language = "English",
volume = "126",
pages = "543--562",
journal = "Oecologia",
issn = "0029-8519",
publisher = "Springer",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming

AU - Rustad, L. E.

AU - Campbell, J. L.

AU - Marion, G. M.

AU - Norby, R. J.

AU - Mitchell, M. J.

AU - Hartley, A. E.

AU - Cornelissen, J. H.C.

AU - Gurevitch, J.

AU - Alward, Richard

AU - Beier, Claus

AU - Burke, Indy

AU - Canadell, Josep

AU - Callaghan, Terry

AU - Christensen, Torben R.

AU - Fahnestock, Jace

AU - Fernandez, Ivan

AU - Harte, John

AU - Hollister, Robert

AU - John, Hom

AU - Ineson, Phil

AU - Johnson, Mark G.

AU - Jonasson, Sven

AU - John, Lee

AU - Linder, Sune

AU - Lukewille, Anna

AU - Masters, Greg

AU - Melillo, Jerry

AU - Mickelsen, Anders

AU - Neill, Chris

AU - Olszyk, David M.

AU - Press, Malcolm

AU - Pregitzer, Kurt

AU - Robinson, Clare

AU - Rygiewiez, Paul T.

AU - Sala, Osvaldo

AU - Schmidt, Inger K.

AU - Shaver, Gus

AU - Thompson, Ken

AU - Tingey, David T.

AU - Verburg, Paul

AU - Wall, Diana

AU - Welker, Jeff

AU - Wright, Richard

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements This paper contributes to the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) core project of IGBP and to the activities of the Network of Experimental Warming Studies (GCTE-NEWS). The work was initiated with the support of the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant no. DEB-94–21535), the University of California-Santa Barbara, the California Resources Agency, and the California Environmental Protection Agency. We also want to thank NASA through a grant to GCTE, the National Science Foundation (Grant no. DEB-9730110), and the USDA Forest Service Northern Stations Global Change Research Program for the additional funding they provided. All experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which the experiments were performed.

PY - 2001

Y1 - 2001

N2 - Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions is predicted to raise the mean global temperature by 1.0-3.5°C in the next 50-100 years. The direct and indirect effects of this potential increase in temperature on terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem processes are likely to be complex and highly varied in time and space. The Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme has recently launched a Network of Ecosystem Warming Studies, the goals of which are to integrate and foster research on ecosystem-level effects of rising temperature. In this paper, we use meta-analysis to synthesize data on the response of soil respiration, net N mineralization, and aboveground plant productivity to experimental ecosystem warming at 32 research sites representing four broadly defined biomes, including high (latitude or altitude) tundra, low tundra, grassland, and forest. Warming methods included electrical heat-resistance ground cables, greenhouses, vented and unvented field chambers, overhead infrared lamps, and passive night-time warming. Although results from individual sites showed considerable variation in response to warming, results from the meta-analysis showed that, across all sites and years, 2-9 years of experimental warming in the range 0.3-6.0°C significantly increased soil respiration rates by 20% (with a 95% confidence interval of 18-22%), net N mineralization rates by 46% (with a 95% confidence interval of 30-64%), and plant productivity by 19% (with a 95% confidence interval of 15-23%). The response of soil respiration to warming was generally larger in forested ecosystems compared to low tundra and grassland ecosystems, and the response of plant productivity was generally larger in low tundra ecosystems than in forest and grassland ecosystems. With the exception of aboveground plant productivity, which showed a greater positive response to warming in colder ecosystems, the magnitude of the response of these three processes to experimental warming was not generally significantly related to the geographic, climatic, or environmental variables evaluated in this analysis. This underscores the need to understand the relative importance of specific factors (such as temperature, moisture, site quality, vegetation type, successional status, land-use history, etc.) at different spatial and temporal scales, and suggests that we should be cautious in "scaling up" responses from the plot and site level to the landscape and biome level. Overall, ecosystem-warming experiments are shown to provide valuable insights on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated temperature.

AB - Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions is predicted to raise the mean global temperature by 1.0-3.5°C in the next 50-100 years. The direct and indirect effects of this potential increase in temperature on terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem processes are likely to be complex and highly varied in time and space. The Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme has recently launched a Network of Ecosystem Warming Studies, the goals of which are to integrate and foster research on ecosystem-level effects of rising temperature. In this paper, we use meta-analysis to synthesize data on the response of soil respiration, net N mineralization, and aboveground plant productivity to experimental ecosystem warming at 32 research sites representing four broadly defined biomes, including high (latitude or altitude) tundra, low tundra, grassland, and forest. Warming methods included electrical heat-resistance ground cables, greenhouses, vented and unvented field chambers, overhead infrared lamps, and passive night-time warming. Although results from individual sites showed considerable variation in response to warming, results from the meta-analysis showed that, across all sites and years, 2-9 years of experimental warming in the range 0.3-6.0°C significantly increased soil respiration rates by 20% (with a 95% confidence interval of 18-22%), net N mineralization rates by 46% (with a 95% confidence interval of 30-64%), and plant productivity by 19% (with a 95% confidence interval of 15-23%). The response of soil respiration to warming was generally larger in forested ecosystems compared to low tundra and grassland ecosystems, and the response of plant productivity was generally larger in low tundra ecosystems than in forest and grassland ecosystems. With the exception of aboveground plant productivity, which showed a greater positive response to warming in colder ecosystems, the magnitude of the response of these three processes to experimental warming was not generally significantly related to the geographic, climatic, or environmental variables evaluated in this analysis. This underscores the need to understand the relative importance of specific factors (such as temperature, moisture, site quality, vegetation type, successional status, land-use history, etc.) at different spatial and temporal scales, and suggests that we should be cautious in "scaling up" responses from the plot and site level to the landscape and biome level. Overall, ecosystem-warming experiments are shown to provide valuable insights on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated temperature.

KW - Global warming

KW - Meta-analysis

KW - Nitrogen mineralization

KW - Plant productivity

KW - Soil respiration

U2 - 10.1007/s004420000544

DO - 10.1007/s004420000544

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:17744363063

VL - 126

SP - 543

EP - 562

JO - Oecologia

JF - Oecologia

SN - 0029-8519

ER -

ID: 304294998