Application of natural antagonists including arthropods to resist weedy Striga (Oranbanchaceae) in tropical agroecosystems
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review
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Application of natural antagonists including arthropods to resist weedy Striga (Oranbanchaceae) in tropical agroecosystems. / Sauerborn, Joachim; Müller-Stöver, Dorette.
Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods. Cambridge University Press, 2009. p. 423-437.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review
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TY - CHAP
T1 - Application of natural antagonists including arthropods to resist weedy Striga (Oranbanchaceae) in tropical agroecosystems
AU - Sauerborn, Joachim
AU - Müller-Stöver, Dorette
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Cambridge University Press 2009.
PY - 2009/1/1
Y1 - 2009/1/1
N2 - Introduction: Parasitic flowering plants are defined by the production of specialized nutrition-deriving structures, the haustoria, that form a functional link to their hosts. Species of Striga (witchweeds) are obligate hemiparasites, and connection to a host plant is fundamental for them to survive. Seeds of Striga cannot germinate until a “chemical” such as strigol and sorgolactone exuded by the host root indicates the vicinity of a host. Host-recognition factors that can activate development programs in Striga spp. are termed xenognosins (Lynn et al., 1981). Atsatt (1977) proposed that parasitic plants probably use host defence chemicals as cues to stimulate the germination and growth of the haustorium, and which have originally evolved in the host to deter harmful organisms. Akiyama et al. (2005) suggest that plants release chemicals (sesquiterpene lactones) from their roots as signals fostering their symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and that these signals are used by Striga to detect host roots. Several strigolactones found in root exudates of various plant species (Yasuda et al., 2003) stimulated germination in seeds of Striga species under laboratory conditions. Striga is an r-strategist; that is, it allocates lots of energy to produce large numbers of minute seeds to reduce the risk associated with host finding. Producing many minute seeds increases the chance that at least a few seeds will get close enough to the roots of a suitable host plant. Numbers of seeds per plant average 58000 in S. asiatica, and numbers over 200000 almost certainly occur in well-grown S. hermonthica.
AB - Introduction: Parasitic flowering plants are defined by the production of specialized nutrition-deriving structures, the haustoria, that form a functional link to their hosts. Species of Striga (witchweeds) are obligate hemiparasites, and connection to a host plant is fundamental for them to survive. Seeds of Striga cannot germinate until a “chemical” such as strigol and sorgolactone exuded by the host root indicates the vicinity of a host. Host-recognition factors that can activate development programs in Striga spp. are termed xenognosins (Lynn et al., 1981). Atsatt (1977) proposed that parasitic plants probably use host defence chemicals as cues to stimulate the germination and growth of the haustorium, and which have originally evolved in the host to deter harmful organisms. Akiyama et al. (2005) suggest that plants release chemicals (sesquiterpene lactones) from their roots as signals fostering their symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and that these signals are used by Striga to detect host roots. Several strigolactones found in root exudates of various plant species (Yasuda et al., 2003) stimulated germination in seeds of Striga species under laboratory conditions. Striga is an r-strategist; that is, it allocates lots of energy to produce large numbers of minute seeds to reduce the risk associated with host finding. Producing many minute seeds increases the chance that at least a few seeds will get close enough to the roots of a suitable host plant. Numbers of seeds per plant average 58000 in S. asiatica, and numbers over 200000 almost certainly occur in well-grown S. hermonthica.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84926106363&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/CBO9780511576348.021
DO - 10.1017/CBO9780511576348.021
M3 - Book chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84926106363
SN - 9780521877916
SP - 423
EP - 437
BT - Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods
PB - Cambridge University Press
ER -
ID: 321546571