Forest growth in Europe shows diverging large regional trends
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Forests cover about one-third of Europe’s surface and their growth is essential for climate protection through carbon sequestration and many other economic, environmental, and sociocultural ecosystem services. However, reports on how climate change affects forest growth are contradictory, even for same regions. We used 415 unique long-term experiments including 642 plots across Europe covering seven tree species and surveys from 1878 to 2016, and showed that on average forest growth strongly accelerated since the earliest surveys. Based on a subset of 189 plots in Scots pine (the most widespread tree species in Europe) and high-resolution climate data, we identified clear large-regional differences; growth is strongly increasing in Northern Europe and decreasing in the Southwest. A less pronounced increase, which is probably not mainly driven by climate, prevails on large areas of Western, Central and Eastern Europe. The identified regional growth trends suggest adaptive management on regional level for achieving climate-smart forests.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 15373 |
| Tidsskrift | Scientific Reports |
| Vol/bind | 13 |
| Antal sider | 12 |
| ISSN | 2045-2322 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2023 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the European Union for funding the project “Mixed species forest management. Lowering risk, increasing resilience (REFORM)” (# 2816ERA02S) under the framework of Sumforest ERA-NET and the project “Carbon smart forestry under climate change CARE4C” (# GA 778322). The first author further thanks the German Science Foundation for providing the funds for the project “Structure and dynamics of mixed-species stands of Scots pine and European beech compared with monospecific stands. Analysis along an ecological gradient through Europe” (# DFG 292/15-1). Thanks are also due to the Bayerische Staatsforsten (BaySF) for providing the experimental plots in Bavaria and to the Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry for permanent support of the project W 07 ”Long-term experimental plots for forest growth and yield research“ (#7831-26625-2017). We would like to thank A. Zingg, and our late colleague Dr. P. Brang, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, who made the data from Switzerland available for this study. The polish partners were additionally supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland (No W117/H2020/2018). The UMR SILVA is supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, Lab of Excellence ARBRE). We acknowledge all other involved institutions in the participating countries for sharing permanent research plot data and the tremendous effort of collecting the data during almost two centuries.
Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the European Union for funding the project “Mixed species forest management. Lowering risk, increasing resilience (REFORM)” (# 2816ERA02S) under the framework of Sumforest ERA-NET and the project “Carbon smart forestry under climate change CARE4C” (# GA 778322). The first author further thanks the German Science Foundation for providing the funds for the project “Structure and dynamics of mixed-species stands of Scots pine and European beech compared with monospecific stands. Analysis along an ecological gradient through Europe” (# DFG 292/15-1). Thanks are also due to the Bayerische Staatsforsten (BaySF) for providing the experimental plots in Bavaria and to the Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry for permanent support of the project W 07 ”Long-term experimental plots for forest growth and yield research“ (#7831-26625-2017). We would like to thank A. Zingg, and our late colleague Dr. P. Brang, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, who made the data from Switzerland available for this study. The polish partners were additionally supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland (No W117/H2020/2018). The UMR SILVA is supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, Lab of Excellence ARBRE). We acknowledge all other involved institutions in the participating countries for sharing permanent research plot data and the tremendous effort of collecting the data during almost two centuries.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Springer Nature Limited.
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