Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018

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Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018. / Shepherd, Andrew; Ivins, Erik; Rignot, Eric; Smith, Ben; van den Broeke, Michiel; Velicogna, Isabella; Whitehouse, Pippa; Briggs, Kate; Joughin, Ian; Krinner, Gerhard; Nowicki, Sophie; Payne, Tony; Scambos, Ted; Schlegel, Nicole; A, Geruo; Agosta, Cécile; Ahlstrøm, Andreas; Babonis, Greg; Barletta, Valentina R.; Bjørk, Anders A.; Blazquez, Alejandro; Bonin, Jennifer; Colgan, William; Csatho, Beata; Cullather, Richard; Engdahl, Marcus E.; Felikson, Denis; Fettweis, Xavier; Forsberg, Rene; Hogg, Anna E.; Gallee, Hubert; Gardner, Alex; Gilbert, Lin; Gourmelen, Noel; Groh, Andreas; Gunter, Brian; Hanna, Edward; Harig, Christopher; Helm, Veit; Horvath, Alexander; Horwath, Martin; Khan, Shfaqat; Kjeldsen, Kristian K.; Konrad, Hannes; Langen, Peter L.; Lecavalier, Benoit; Loomis, Bryant; Luthcke, Scott; McMillan, Malcolm; Simonsen, Sebastian B.; The IMBIE Team.

I: Nature, Bind 579, Nr. 7798, 2020, s. 233-239.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt

Harvard

Shepherd, A, Ivins, E, Rignot, E, Smith, B, van den Broeke, M, Velicogna, I, Whitehouse, P, Briggs, K, Joughin, I, Krinner, G, Nowicki, S, Payne, T, Scambos, T, Schlegel, N, A, G, Agosta, C, Ahlstrøm, A, Babonis, G, Barletta, VR, Bjørk, AA, Blazquez, A, Bonin, J, Colgan, W, Csatho, B, Cullather, R, Engdahl, ME, Felikson, D, Fettweis, X, Forsberg, R, Hogg, AE, Gallee, H, Gardner, A, Gilbert, L, Gourmelen, N, Groh, A, Gunter, B, Hanna, E, Harig, C, Helm, V, Horvath, A, Horwath, M, Khan, S, Kjeldsen, KK, Konrad, H, Langen, PL, Lecavalier, B, Loomis, B, Luthcke, S, McMillan, M, Simonsen, SB & The IMBIE Team 2020, 'Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018', Nature, bind 579, nr. 7798, s. 233-239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2

APA

Shepherd, A., Ivins, E., Rignot, E., Smith, B., van den Broeke, M., Velicogna, I., Whitehouse, P., Briggs, K., Joughin, I., Krinner, G., Nowicki, S., Payne, T., Scambos, T., Schlegel, N., A, G., Agosta, C., Ahlstrøm, A., Babonis, G., Barletta, V. R., ... The IMBIE Team (2020). Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018. Nature, 579(7798), 233-239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2

Vancouver

Shepherd A, Ivins E, Rignot E, Smith B, van den Broeke M, Velicogna I o.a. Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018. Nature. 2020;579(7798):233-239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2

Author

Shepherd, Andrew ; Ivins, Erik ; Rignot, Eric ; Smith, Ben ; van den Broeke, Michiel ; Velicogna, Isabella ; Whitehouse, Pippa ; Briggs, Kate ; Joughin, Ian ; Krinner, Gerhard ; Nowicki, Sophie ; Payne, Tony ; Scambos, Ted ; Schlegel, Nicole ; A, Geruo ; Agosta, Cécile ; Ahlstrøm, Andreas ; Babonis, Greg ; Barletta, Valentina R. ; Bjørk, Anders A. ; Blazquez, Alejandro ; Bonin, Jennifer ; Colgan, William ; Csatho, Beata ; Cullather, Richard ; Engdahl, Marcus E. ; Felikson, Denis ; Fettweis, Xavier ; Forsberg, Rene ; Hogg, Anna E. ; Gallee, Hubert ; Gardner, Alex ; Gilbert, Lin ; Gourmelen, Noel ; Groh, Andreas ; Gunter, Brian ; Hanna, Edward ; Harig, Christopher ; Helm, Veit ; Horvath, Alexander ; Horwath, Martin ; Khan, Shfaqat ; Kjeldsen, Kristian K. ; Konrad, Hannes ; Langen, Peter L. ; Lecavalier, Benoit ; Loomis, Bryant ; Luthcke, Scott ; McMillan, Malcolm ; Simonsen, Sebastian B. ; The IMBIE Team. / Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018. I: Nature. 2020 ; Bind 579, Nr. 7798. s. 233-239.

Bibtex

@article{f71672967c5c4eaf8b1b045378c39166,
title = "Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018",
abstract = "The Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise in recent decades1,2, and it is expected to continue to be so3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the magnitude and trajectory of the ice sheet{\textquoteright}s mass imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet{\textquoteright}s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. The ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, but annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 345 ± 66 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,902 ± 342 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.8 ± 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that the reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,964 ± 565 billion tonnes (50.3 per cent) of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,938 ± 541 billion tonnes (49.7 per cent) of ice loss was due to increased glacier dynamical imbalance, which rose from 46 ± 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 ± 25 billion tonnes per year since then. The total rate of ice loss slowed to 222 ± 30 billion tonnes per year between 2013 and 2017, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions15 and ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbr{\ae}16. Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the rates predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their high-end climate warming scenario17, which forecast an additional 70 to 130 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 compared with their central estimate.",
author = "Andrew Shepherd and Erik Ivins and Eric Rignot and Ben Smith and {van den Broeke}, Michiel and Isabella Velicogna and Pippa Whitehouse and Kate Briggs and Ian Joughin and Gerhard Krinner and Sophie Nowicki and Tony Payne and Ted Scambos and Nicole Schlegel and Geruo A and C{\'e}cile Agosta and Andreas Ahlstr{\o}m and Greg Babonis and Barletta, {Valentina R.} and Bj{\o}rk, {Anders A.} and Alejandro Blazquez and Jennifer Bonin and William Colgan and Beata Csatho and Richard Cullather and Engdahl, {Marcus E.} and Denis Felikson and Xavier Fettweis and Rene Forsberg and Hogg, {Anna E.} and Hubert Gallee and Alex Gardner and Lin Gilbert and Noel Gourmelen and Andreas Groh and Brian Gunter and Edward Hanna and Christopher Harig and Veit Helm and Alexander Horvath and Martin Horwath and Shfaqat Khan and Kjeldsen, {Kristian K.} and Hannes Konrad and Langen, {Peter L.} and Benoit Lecavalier and Bryant Loomis and Scott Luthcke and Malcolm McMillan and Simonsen, {Sebastian B.} and {The IMBIE Team}",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2",
language = "English",
volume = "579",
pages = "233--239",
journal = "Nature",
issn = "0028-0836",
publisher = "nature publishing group",
number = "7798",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018

AU - Shepherd, Andrew

AU - Ivins, Erik

AU - Rignot, Eric

AU - Smith, Ben

AU - van den Broeke, Michiel

AU - Velicogna, Isabella

AU - Whitehouse, Pippa

AU - Briggs, Kate

AU - Joughin, Ian

AU - Krinner, Gerhard

AU - Nowicki, Sophie

AU - Payne, Tony

AU - Scambos, Ted

AU - Schlegel, Nicole

AU - A, Geruo

AU - Agosta, Cécile

AU - Ahlstrøm, Andreas

AU - Babonis, Greg

AU - Barletta, Valentina R.

AU - Bjørk, Anders A.

AU - Blazquez, Alejandro

AU - Bonin, Jennifer

AU - Colgan, William

AU - Csatho, Beata

AU - Cullather, Richard

AU - Engdahl, Marcus E.

AU - Felikson, Denis

AU - Fettweis, Xavier

AU - Forsberg, Rene

AU - Hogg, Anna E.

AU - Gallee, Hubert

AU - Gardner, Alex

AU - Gilbert, Lin

AU - Gourmelen, Noel

AU - Groh, Andreas

AU - Gunter, Brian

AU - Hanna, Edward

AU - Harig, Christopher

AU - Helm, Veit

AU - Horvath, Alexander

AU - Horwath, Martin

AU - Khan, Shfaqat

AU - Kjeldsen, Kristian K.

AU - Konrad, Hannes

AU - Langen, Peter L.

AU - Lecavalier, Benoit

AU - Loomis, Bryant

AU - Luthcke, Scott

AU - McMillan, Malcolm

AU - Simonsen, Sebastian B.

AU - The IMBIE Team

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - The Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise in recent decades1,2, and it is expected to continue to be so3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the magnitude and trajectory of the ice sheet’s mass imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet’s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. The ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, but annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 345 ± 66 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,902 ± 342 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.8 ± 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that the reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,964 ± 565 billion tonnes (50.3 per cent) of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,938 ± 541 billion tonnes (49.7 per cent) of ice loss was due to increased glacier dynamical imbalance, which rose from 46 ± 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 ± 25 billion tonnes per year since then. The total rate of ice loss slowed to 222 ± 30 billion tonnes per year between 2013 and 2017, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions15 and ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbræ16. Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the rates predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their high-end climate warming scenario17, which forecast an additional 70 to 130 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 compared with their central estimate.

AB - The Greenland Ice Sheet has been a major contributor to global sea-level rise in recent decades1,2, and it is expected to continue to be so3. Although increases in glacier flow4–6 and surface melting7–9 have been driven by oceanic10–12 and atmospheric13,14 warming, the magnitude and trajectory of the ice sheet’s mass imbalance remain uncertain. Here we compare and combine 26 individual satellite measurements of changes in the ice sheet’s volume, flow and gravitational potential to produce a reconciled estimate of its mass balance. The ice sheet was close to a state of balance in the 1990s, but annual losses have risen since then, peaking at 345 ± 66 billion tonnes per year in 2011. In all, Greenland lost 3,902 ± 342 billion tonnes of ice between 1992 and 2018, causing the mean sea level to rise by 10.8 ± 0.9 millimetres. Using three regional climate models, we show that the reduced surface mass balance has driven 1,964 ± 565 billion tonnes (50.3 per cent) of the ice loss owing to increased meltwater runoff. The remaining 1,938 ± 541 billion tonnes (49.7 per cent) of ice loss was due to increased glacier dynamical imbalance, which rose from 46 ± 37 billion tonnes per year in the 1990s to 87 ± 25 billion tonnes per year since then. The total rate of ice loss slowed to 222 ± 30 billion tonnes per year between 2013 and 2017, on average, as atmospheric circulation favoured cooler conditions15 and ocean temperatures fell at the terminus of Jakobshavn Isbræ16. Cumulative ice losses from Greenland as a whole have been close to the rates predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their high-end climate warming scenario17, which forecast an additional 70 to 130 millimetres of global sea-level rise by 2100 compared with their central estimate.

U2 - 10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2

DO - 10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 31822019

AN - SCOPUS:85078287272

VL - 579

SP - 233

EP - 239

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

SN - 0028-0836

IS - 7798

ER -

ID: 238377018